When crawling and using the content of other people's websites, we must give priority to compliance with laws and ethics. Unauthorized access to and use of other people's content may violate laws and regulations such as the "Regulations on the Security and Protection of Computer Information Systems" and the "Anti-Unfair Competition Law", and even involve copyright infringement or data privacy issues. It is recommended to take the following legal and compliance measures： --- ###**1. Legal alternatives** 1. **Comply with the rules of the target website** - Check the website's'robots. txt' file (such as`example.com/robots.txt `), confirm whether to allow its data to be crawled. - Comply with the "Terms of Service" of the website, and never crawl content that expressly prohibits crawling. 2. **Apply for the official API** -Many websites (such as Twitter, Google, etc.) provide open API interfaces to obtain data through legal authorization. 3. **Purchase or cooperate to obtain data** - Contact the website owner to purchase data or enter into a cooperative relationship. --- ###**2. If technical risk avoidance is required (only for legal scenarios)** If authorization has been obtained or the data is publicly crawlable (such as a public search engine), you can refer to the following technical recommendations, but you still need to strictly control the frequency and purpose.： 1. **Adjust the frequency of requests** -Limit the frequency of requests (such as 1 time per second) to avoid putting pressure on the server. -Use random intervals (such as'time. sleep(random. uniform(1, 3))`) simulates manual operation. 2. **Disguised request header (User-Agent)** -Add common browser request headers (such as Chrome or Firefox User-Agent). -Rotate multiple User-Agents to reduce identification risks. 3. **Use proxy IP pool** -Decentralize the source of requests by rotating multiple IPS (such as cloud service provider IPS or residential agents). -Avoid high-frequency requests from a single IP. 4. **Handle dynamic content** -For pages rendered using JavaScript, headless browsers (such as Puppeteer and Selenium) can be used to simulate real user behavior. 5. **Abide by crawling ethics** -Grab only the necessary data to avoid violating privacy or sensitive information. -If the website sends a'ce-and-Desist` notification, it should be stopped immediately. --- ###**3. Legal risk warning** - **Infringement**: Grabbing copyrighted content without permission may face civil litigation. -**Criminal liability**: Bypassing technical protective measures (such as cracking verification codes) may violate Article 285 of the Criminal Law (crime of illegally obtaining data from computer information systems). -**Administrative penalties**: Violation of the "Network Security Law" may result in fines or suspension of business for rectification. --- ###**Conclusion** It is recommended to always choose legal ways to obtain data and consult a legal professional if necessary. The “avoidance” of technical means cannot be an excuse to infringe on the rights and interests of others. Only by operating in compliance can legal disputes and loss of goodwill be avoided.